A list of mostly asked software testing interview questions or QTP interview questions and answers are given below. Show
1) What is the PDCA cycle and where testing fits in?There are four steps in a normal software development process. In short, these steps are referred to as PDCA. PDCA stands for Plan, Do, Check, Act.
The developers do the "planning and building" of the project while testers do the "check" part of the project. 2) What is the difference between the white box, black box, and gray box testing?Black box Testing: The strategy of black box testing is based on requirements and specification. It requires no need of knowledge of internal path, structure or implementation of the software being tested. White box Testing: White box testing is based on internal paths, code structure, and implementation of the software being tested. It requires a full and detail programming skill. Gray box Testing: This is another type of testing in which we look into the box which is being tested, It is done only to understand how it has been implemented. After that, we close the box and use the black box testing. Following are the differences among white box, black box, and gray box testing are:
3)What are the advantages of designing tests early in the life cycle?Designing tests early in the life cycle prevent defects from being in the main code. 4) What are the types of defects?There are three types of defects: Wrong, missing, and extra. Wrong: These defects are occurred due to requirements have been implemented incorrectly. Missing: It is used to specify the missing things, i.e., a specification was not implemented, or the requirement of the customer was not appropriately noted. Extra: This is an extra facility incorporated into the product that was not given by the end customer. It is always a variance from the specification but may be an attribute that was desired by the customer. However, it is considered as a defect because of the variance from the user requirements. 5) What is exploratory testing?Simultaneous test design and execution against an application is called exploratory testing. In this testing, the tester uses his domain knowledge and testing experience to predict where and under what conditions the system might behave unexpectedly. 6) When should exploratory testing be performed?Exploratory testing is performed as a final check before the software is released. It is a complementary activity to automated regression testing. 7) What are the advantages of designing tests early in the life cycle?It helps you to prevent defects in the code. 8) Tell me about the risk-based testing.The risk-based testing is a testing strategy that is based on prioritizing tests by risks. It is based on a detailed risk analysis approach which categorizes the risks by their priority. Highest priority risks are resolved first. 9) What is acceptance testing?Acceptance testing is done to enable a user/customer to determine whether to accept a software product. It also validates whether the software follows a set of agreed acceptance criteria. In this level, the system is tested for the user acceptability. Types of acceptance testing are:
10) What is accessibility testing?Accessibility testing is used to verify whether a software product is accessible to the people having disabilities (deaf, blind, mentally disabled etc.). 11) What is Adhoc testing?Ad-hoc testing is a testing phase where the tester tries to 'break' the system by randomly trying the system's functionality. 12) What is Agile testing?Agile testing is a testing practice that uses agile methodologies i.e. follow test-first design paradigm. 13) What is API (Application Programming Interface)?Application Programming Interface is a formalized set of software calls and routines that can be referenced by an application program to access supporting system or network services. 14) What do you mean by automated testing?Testing by using software tools which execute test without manual intervention is known as automated testing. Automated testing can be used in GUI, performance, API, etc. 15) What is Bottom-up testing?The Bottom-up testing is a testing approach which follows integration testing where the lowest level components are tested first, after that the higher level components are tested. The process is repeated until the testing of the top-level component. 16) What is Baseline Testing?In Baseline testing, a set of tests is run to capture performance information. Baseline testing improves the performance and capabilities of the application by using the information collected and make the changes in the application. Baseline compares the present performance of the application with its previous performance. 17) What is Benchmark Testing?Benchmarking testing is the process of comparing application performance with respect to the industry standard given by some other organization. It is a standard testing which specifies where our application stands with respect to others. 18) Which types are testing are important for web testing?There are two types of testing which are very important for web testing:
19) What is the difference between web application and desktop application in the scenario of testing?The difference between a web application and desktop application is that a web application is open to the world with potentially many users accessing the application simultaneously at various times, so load testing and stress testing are important. Web applications are also prone to all forms of attacks, mostly DDOS, so security testing is also very important in the case of web applications. 20) What is the difference between verification and validation?Difference between verification and validation:
21) What is the difference between Retesting and Regression Testing?A list of differences between Retesting and Regression Testing:
22) What is the difference between preventative and reactive approaches to testing?Preventative tests are designed earlier, and reactive tests are designed after the software has been produced. 23) What is the purpose of exit criteria?The exit criteria are used to define the completion of the test level. 24) Why is the decision table testing used?A decision table consists of inputs in a column with the outputs in the same column but below the inputs. The decision table testing is used for testing systems for which the specification takes the form of rules or cause-effect combination. The reminders you get in the table explore combinations of inputs to define the output produced. 25) What is alpha and beta testing?These are the key differences between alpha and beta testing:
26) What is Random/Monkey Testing?Random testing is also known as monkey testing. In this testing, data is generated randomly often using a tool. The data is generated either using a tool or some automated mechanism. Random testing has some limitations:
27) What is the negative and positive testing?Negative Testing: When you put an invalid input and receive errors is known as negative testing. Positive Testing: When you put in the valid input and expect some actions that are completed according to the specification is known as positive testing. 28) What is the benefit of test independence?Test independence is very useful because it avoids author bias in defining effective tests. 29) What is the boundary value analysis/testing?In boundary value analysis/testing, we only test the exact boundaries rather than hitting in the middle. For example: If there is a bank application where you can withdraw a maximum of 25000 and a minimum of 100. So in boundary value testing we only test above the max and below the max. This covers all scenarios. The following figure shows the boundary value testing for the above-discussed bank application.TC1 and TC2 are sufficient to test all conditions for the bank. TC3 and TC4 are duplicate/redundant test cases which do not add any value to the testing. So by applying proper boundary value fundamentals, we can avoid duplicate test cases, which do not add value to the testing. 30) How would you test the login feature of a web application?There are many ways to test the login feature of a web application:
31) What are the types of performance testing?Performance testing: Performance testing is a testing technique which determines the performance of the system such as speed, scalability, and stability under various load conditions. The product undergoes the performance testing before it gets live in the market. Types of software testing are: 1. Load testing:
Note: An increasing load means the increasing the number of users.
2. Stress testing:
3. Spike testing:
4. Endurance testing:
5. Volume testing:
6. Scalability testing
32) What is the difference between functional and non-functional testing?
33) What is the difference between static and dynamic testing?
34) What is the difference between negative and positive testing?
35) What are the different models available in SDLC?There are various models available in software testing, which are the following:
36) List out the difference between smoke testing and sanity testing and dry run testing?Following are the differences between smoke, sanity, and dry run testing:
37) How do we test a web application? What are the types of tests we perform on the web application?To test any web application such as Yahoo, Gmail, and so on, we will perform the following testing:
38) Why do we need to perform compatibility testing?We might have developed the software in one platform, and the chances are there that users might use it in the different platforms. Hence, it could be possible that they may encounter some bugs and stop using the application, and the business might get affected. Therefore, we will perform one round of Compatibility testing. 39) How many test cases we can write in a day?We can tell anywhere between 2-5 test cases.
Primarily, we use to write 2-5 test cases, but in future stages we write around 6-7 because, at that time, we have the better product knowledge, we start re-using the test cases, and the experience on the product. 40) How many test cases can we review per day?It would be around 7 test cases we write so that we can review 7*3=21 test cases. And we can say that 25-30 test case per day. 41) How many test cases can we run in a day?We can run around 30-55 test cases per day. Note: For these types of questions (39-41), always remember the ratio: x test cases we can write, 3x test cases we can review, and 5x test cases we can execute per day.42) Does the customer get a 100% bug-free product?
The correct answer is testing team is not good because sometimes the fundamentals of software testing define that no product has zero bugs. 43) How to track the bug manually and with the help of automation?We can track the bug manually as:
Tracking the bug with the help of automation i.e., bug tracking tool: We have various bug tracking tools available in the market, such as:
Note: Here, we have two categories of tools:A product based: In the product based companies, they will use only one bug tracking tool. Service-based: In service-based companies, they have many projects of different customers, and every project will have different bug tracking tools. 44) Why does an application have bugs?The software can have a bug for the following reasons:
45) When we perform testing?We will perform testing whenever we need to check all requirements are executed correctly or not, and to make sure that we are delivering the right quality product. 46) When do we stop the testing?We can stop testing whenever we have the following:
47) For which and all types of testing do we write test cases?We can write test cases for the following types of testing:
Where do you see yourself in 5 years as a QA tester?In the short term, I see myself leading a team of engineers. And after five years, you can expect me in the role of a QA manager.
What are the questions asked in interview for manual testing?Basic Interview Questions. What do you understand by software testing? ... . When should you stop the testing process? ... . What do verification and validation mean in software testing? ... . What is static testing? ... . Define Black-box testing. ... . What is a test plan and what does it include? ... . What is meant by test coverage?. What are the real time questions on manual testing?Manual Testing Interview Questions. What are the common problems with software automation?. What are the key challenges of software testing?. What is the role of QA in project development?. Can you explain the V model in manual testing?. Can u explain the structure of the bug life cycle?. How many rounds are there in manual testing interview?Here they took 5 rounds of interview.1.HR round 2. Technical Interview 3. Technical Test on System 4. Manager Round 5.
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